When to worry about worrying
Everyone worries, and these days there seems no shortage of things to worry about. Occasional anxiety is normal - temporary anxiety can even be a healthy response to uncertainty and danger. But constant worry may signal generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
Do I have generalized anxiety disorder?
According to the National Institute of Mental Health, an estimated 5.7% of U.S. adults experience GAD. Where other anxiety disorders grow out of particular situations, GAD is persistent, marked by debilitating worry and agitation about everyday matters.
People with GAD cannot shake the feeling that something bad is coming and they will not be prepared. They may worry excessively about missing an appointment, losing a job, or having an accident. Some even worry about how much they worry.
Symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder
Persistent, excessive worry about several different things for at least six months
Fatigue, difficulty sleeping, or restlessness
Trouble concentrating
Irritability
Muscle tension
Feeling tense or "on edge"
Only a doctor can determine whether you meet the criteria for GAD. If you suspect you might, do not hesitate to raise it with your primary care doctor - many treatments can ease this condition's very real discomfort.
Physical symptoms are common too: racing heart, dry mouth, upset stomach, muscle tension, sweating, trembling, and irritability. These bodily expressions of anxiety can harm physical health - people with GAD face greater risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular problems, for example.
Treating anxiety
If you have GAD, your doctor may discuss the following options.
Therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps some people. CBT teaches you to recognize when you are misreading events, exaggerating difficulties, or making needlessly pessimistic assumptions, and offers new ways to respond to anxiety-provoking situations.
Medications. Commonly prescribed drugs include antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (like fluoxetine or sertraline), or dual serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (like venlafaxine or duloxetine). These take longer to work than traditional anti-anxiety drugs but may deliver greater symptom relief over time.
